Great wars of the 20th Century
The major wars that happened in 20th century are:
1. World War I
The WWI involved many countries and caused great destructions. It spread from western Europe to Middle East and the war lasted for 4 years( 1914 – 1918). The war took the lives of nearly ten million soldiers. The war was fought between two European powers the Central power( Germany, Australia and Hungary) later Turkey joined, and the Allies (Britain, France and Russia) Italy also joined. On June 28th 1914, the Prince of Austria – Hungary , Franz Ferdinand was gunned down at Sarajevo by Serbian nationalist. Austria- Hungary declared war on Serbia. Germany declared war on Russia and France, and invaded Belgium. Britain entered war in support of Serbia, Belgium and France. The Central Powers surrendered in November 1918. The treaty of Versailles imposed on Germany. The Treaty created a condition which led to the outbreak of World War II.
The Russian Revolution
The Russian revolution of 1917 ended the long regime of or autocratic Tsars in Russia and culminated in the creation of the first communist state the Soviet Union. In February, revolution in which the Tsar Nicholas II was abdicated his throne and the Provisional government took power. In October revolution the provisional government was overthrown by Bolsheviks led by V.I. Lenin.
Food shortages provoked riots to which Tsar reacted very harshly. Hundreds of unarmed demonstrators were shot dead by troops in St. Petersburg in 1905. The provisional government failed to improve the situation. The Tsar and family we’re massacred in 1918.
World War II
The World War II lasted for six years (1939 – 1945) and the war killed more than 17 million soldiers and great numbers of civilians. It was fought between the Axis (Germany, Italy and Japan) and the Allies (Britain, the USSR, China and thr U.S). The war began on September 1, 1939 when Germany under Adolf Hitler invaded Poland. It annexed Australia, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands,France, Belgium. Germany defeated by USSR, Germany surrendered and the war continued in Eastern front the Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed by the U.S on August 6th and 9th, Japan also surrendered.
Korean War
Korea was under Japan occupation until 1945, Japan was defeated in WWII. The nation was divided into two and northern half under control of USSR and southern half under control of U.S. The war began on 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea. The UN forces send to assist Soth Korea against North assisted by China and the USSR. North was beaten and south was recaptured. The fighting stopped in 1953. Korea remained divided as before.
Iran – Iraq war
It was one of the longest , bloodiest and costliest Third world armed conflicts in the 20th century the rivalry between Arabs and Persians. The war began in September 1980 and ended in August 1988, it cost more than 1 million lives on both sides. On 1980, Saddam Hussein launched military attack on Iran. Iraq captured Iranian border towns and Iran’s largest oil refinery. In 1982, Iran drew the Iraqis out and carried the war back. Both bombed each other’s cities and attacked the oil tankers in the Gulf. The war ended in August 1988 when Iran reluctantly accepted UN call for truce which Iraq accepted.
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